IP address

IP (Internet Protocol) addresses are numeric strings that uniquely identify every resource and device connected to the network: think of the IP as a street address or telephone number.

Since IP addresses are composed of a long sequence of numbers, and it would therefore not be easy to enter the code of a website every time you surf the net, they are associated with a domain name by the DNS.

The two IP protocol versions available at the moment are:

  • IPv4 – the standard version, consisting of 4 sets of numbers separated by a dot. Each group is represented by a combination ranging from 0 to 255;
  • IPv6 – the most recent version of IP, was introduced to counter the imminent exhaustion of available number combinations. Unlike the IPv4 version, this standard allows for the creation of an almost infinite number of IP addresses, as it consists of 8 blocks of letters and numbers.

The IP address is usually assigned by an Internet Service Provider, i.e. a company that provides a user or device with access to the network.

These providers can assign two types of IP address: static or dynamic.

A static IP address, as the name may suggest, does not change over time or according to geographic location. Static IPs are generally associated with systems that contain sensitive data or with servers that handle several connections at the same time. We are therefore talking about streaming services (such as Netflix), platforms for the distribution of online games (such as Steam) or social platforms.

A dynamic IP address, on the other hand, is assigned on the basis of a set of available addresses that change each time you connect to the network, being assigned by a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server.

The allocation criterion in these cases generally depends on the geographical location from which the connection is made: most domestic devices are identified with a dynamic IP address.

Since users’ IP addresses can be found by anyone on the network and provide sensitive information about the user’s location, it is possible to hide one’s IP address thanks to VPNs (Virtual Private Networks). By relying on this kind of service, the user will show the IP address of the VPN he is relying on, regardless of his geographical location, effectively protecting his privacy. 

Correlated words

Hawkish

'Hard' monetary policies aimed at raising interest rates to combat inflation.

Dovish

Monetary policy characterised by low interest rates and higher levels of employment aimed at fostering economic growth.

Registry

Organisations that manage all information relating to top-level domains.

URL

Stringa di caratteri associata in String of characters uniquely associated with a resource on the World Wide Web. univoca ad una risorsa sul World Wide Web.

Web 3.0

A term often associated with the idea of the 'Semantic Web' and data interoperability, it represents the next phase of the Internet.

ICANN

Organisation that manages domain names on the Internet and assigns IP addresses.

Registrar

Organisation that deals with the sale and registration of domain names.

DNS

Hierarchical server system that, on the Internet, associates each domain name with an IP address.

TLD

The domain extension placed at the end of a URL address,located at the highest point in the DNS hierarchy.

Financial Market

The financial market is a regulated space where financial securities can be bought and sold.

Cashback

Cashback involves a partial reimbursement of funds spent in a transaction.

Web3

Third historical phase of the web, during which the economic and technological system of the internet changes thanks to the tools offered by blockchain.

Bitcoin

The longest-lived cryptocurrency on the market and the first application of blockchain.

Wallet address

The string of characters that identifies a cryptocurrency wallet.

Stablecoin

Cryptocurrencies pegged to the price of a stable asset such as a fiat currency or precious metal.

Custody

Managing one's wallet by knowing its private key

White Paper

Technical and informative document used by cryptocurrency projects to present their technological proposal.

Wallet

Software that allows you to send, receive and store your cryptocurrencies.

Virtual Currency

Term used in legislation to define cryptocurrencies.

Fiat Currency

Legal tender, i.e. the official currency adopted by a government.

Token

Digital unit of value based on a third-party protocol.

Satoshi Nakamoto

The pseudonym of the creator or group of Bitcoin developers. Their true identity is unknown and they no longer have an online presence.

Open-source

Open-source software is public and available for anyone to reuse.

KYC

Identity verification procedure required by European regulations for exchanges.

Hard Fork

A division of the blockchain due to the incompatibility of the new version of the protocol with the previous one.

Hot Wallet

A cryptocurrency wallet connected to the internet.

Halving

The halving of the reward given to miners for producing Bitcoin blockchain blocks.

FinTech

A sector that combines finance and technology, where companies develop technologically innovative financial services.

Cryptography

The branch of computer science that studies secure communication methods.

Cryptocurrency

Virtual currency based on cryptography and blockchain.

Coin

A cryptocurrency that is natively based on its blockchain

Public Key

Cryptographic code that identifies a wallet on the blockchain.

Private Key

Cryptographic code that gives access to a wallet.

API

Tools that simplify the development of apps and web services.

Altcoin

Cryptocurrencies that followed Bitcoin as alternative solutions.

AML

Anti-money laundering regulations prevent illegal activities on centralised exchanges.

Algorithm

The procedure applied to solve a problem.

Exchange

Services facilitating the purchase and sale of digital assets based on daily market prices.

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